Love Essays (201 words) - Love, Emotions, Fruit Of The Holy Spirit

Love Love is an emotion that a person feels inside his heart. People can love their partner; in addition, they can also love their friends. However, if a person were asked to choose whom they loved best, the majority would say they loved their partners more. When comparing love in this way, it would be conceivable that love can be measured. The same can be comparable to our children. While loving other family members, if we had to make a choice, we would undoubtedly choose our children. Loving someone means you are willing to make sacrifices for them. Many say they would sacrifice their own lives for their children, or for a partner. In the movies, when a plane crashes or a ship is about to sink, the protocol is to save the women and children first. However, if a person had to choose between saving himself over saving a stranger, and he chose to save the stranger, this person would become a hero, having sacrificed his life for someone he did not even know. He would be known as having compassion and a kind and loving heart. In this scenario, love cannot be measured, for this kind of lo...

The History Behind Who Invented HTML

The History Behind Who Invented HTML Some of the people who drive the transformation of the internet are well-known: think Bill Gates and Steve Jobs. But those who developed its inner workings are often totally unknown, anonymous, and unsung in an age of hyper-information that they themselves helped to create. Definition of HTML HTML is the authoring language used to create documents on the web. It  is used to define the structure and layout of a  web page, how a page looks, and any special functions. HTML does this by using what are called tags that have attributes. For example, p means a paragraph break. As the viewer of a web page, you dont see HTML; it is hidden from your view. You see only the results. Vannevar Bush Vannevar Bush was an engineer born at the end of the 19th century. By the 1930s he was working on analog computers and in 1945 wrote the article As We May Think, published in the Atlantic Monthly. In it, he describes a machine he called memex, which would store and retrieve information via microfilm. It would consist of screens (monitors), a keyboard, buttons, and levers. The system he discussed in this article is very similar to HTML, and he called the links between various pieces of information associative trails. This article and theory laid the foundation for Tim Berners-Lee and others to invent the World Wide Web, HTML (hypertext markup language), HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), and URLs (Universal Resource Locators) in 1990. Bush died in 1974 before the web existed or the internet became widely known, but his discoveries were seminal. Tim Berners-Lee and HTML Tim Berners-Lee, a scientist and academic, was the primary author of HTML, with the assistance of his colleagues at CERN, an international scientific organization based in Geneva. Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989 at CERN. He was named one of Time magazines 100 most important people of the 20th century for this accomplishment. Berners-Lees browser editor was developed in 1991-92. This was a true browser editor for the first version of HTML and ran on a NeXt workstation. Implemented in Objective-C, it, made it easy to create, view, and edit web documents. The first version of HTML was formally published in June 1993.

Igor Sikorsky and the History of the Helicopter

Igor Sikorsky and the History of the Helicopter During the mid-1500s, Italian inventor Leonardo Da Vinci made drawings of an ornithopter flying machine that some experts say inspired the modern helicopter. In 1784, French inventors named Launoy and Bienvenue created a toy with a rotary-wing that could lift and fly. The toy proved the principle of helicopter flight. Origins of the Name In 1863, the French writer Ponton DAmecourt was the first person to coin the term helicopter from the words hello for spiral and pter for wings. The very first piloted helicopter was invented by Paul Cornu in 1907.  However, this design did not work. French inventor Etienne Oehmichen was more successful. He built and flew a helicopter one kilometer in 1924. Another early helicopter that flew for a decent distance was the German Focke-Wulf Fw 61, invented by an unknown designer. Who Invented the Helicopter? Igor Sikorsky is considered to be the father of helicopters not because he was the first to invent it, but because he invented the first successful helicopter upon which further designs were based. One of aviations greatest designers, Russian-born Igor Sikorsky began work on helicopters as early as 1910. By 1940, Igor Sikorskys successful VS-300 had become the model for all modern single-rotor helicopters. He also designed and built the first military helicopter, the XR-4, which he delivered to Colonel Franklin Gregory of the U.S. Army. Igor Sikorskys helicopters had the control capabilities to fly safely forwards and backward, up and down, and sideways. In 1958, Igor Sikorskys rotorcraft company made the worlds first helicopter that had a boat hull. It could land and take off from the water. The design floated on water as well. Stanley Hiller In 1944, American inventor Stanley Hiller, Jr. made the first helicopter with all-metal rotor blades that were very stiff. They allowed the helicopter to fly at speeds much faster than before. In 1949, Stanley Hiller piloted the first helicopter flight across the United States, piloting a helicopter that he invented called the Hiller 360. In 1946, Arthur Young of the Bell Aircraft company designed the Bell Model 47 helicopter, the first helicopter to have a full bubble canopy. Well-Known Helicopter Models Throughout History SH-60 SeahawkThe UH-60 Black Hawk was fielded by the Army in 1979. The Navy received the SH-60B Seahawk in 1983 and the SH-60F in 1988. HH-60G Pave HawkThe Pave Hawk is a highly-modified version of the Army Black Hawk helicopter and features an upgraded communication and navigation suite. The design includes an integrated inertial navigation/global positioning/Doppler navigation system, satellite communications, secure voice, and Have Quick frequency-hopping communications. CH-53E Super StallionThe Sikorsky CH-53E Super Stallion is the largest helicopter in the western world. CH-46D/E Sea KnightThe CH-46 Sea Knight was first procured in 1964. AH-64D Longbow ApacheThe AH-64D Longbow Apache is the most advanced, versatile, survivable, deployable, and maintainable multi-role combat helicopter in the world. Paul E. Williams  (U.S. patent #3,065,933)On November 26, 1962, African-American inventor Paul E. Williams patented a helicopter named the Lockheed Model 186 (XH-51). It was a compound experimental  helicopter,  and only 3 units were built.

Sandra Cisneros family and life experiences to themes in his or her Essay

Sandra Cisneros family and life experiences to themes in his or her literature - Essay Example Most of her works are about poor-to-middle class Latinas in the world of modern America. She speaks reality in most of her works. Her works have been featured in periodicals such as The New Yorker, The Los Angeles Times, Elle, Grand Street, The Village Voice, The New York Times and Glamour. Her most popular novel The House on Mango Street earned worldwide applause. It is about a young Latina girl growing up in Chicago experiencing the harsh reality of life with lessons that can benefit the readers. Her work is highly acclaimed in the literary world such that schools included her work in their curriculum as part of required reading materials (Bergolhz, 2007). Cisneros has earned her living through writing for more than 45 years already. She has published more than 35 publications (Cisneros, 2013). But it was after school that Sandra discovered that she would become a writer. After she graduated from Loyola in Chicago in the year 1976, she attended the University of Iowa’s Write rs Workshop. It was this time of her life that she felt alone, isolated and so out of place. She felt different from her well-bred classmates. This feeling did not suppress her, instead, it uplifted her spirit to become who she is right now. As she quoted in Publishers Weekly, â€Å"It was not until this moment when I separated myself, when I considered myself truly distinct, that my writing acquired a voice. That’s when I decided I would write about something my classmates couldn’t write about† (LaBalle, C. 2002). Sandra has been writing poems and stories while growing up. But it was her feelings of alienation that Sandra felt during her writing workshops that made her realize what she would be writing about. As an American-Mexican living in an Americanized culture, she felt herself unique. Instead of dwelling in her differences, she decided to write about the stories about what she has gone through in life. The encountered conflicts during her growing years su ch as poverty, cultural differences, social alienation and degradation, and her feelings as a Latina writer are the topics of interests in most of her writings (Jufer,J. ,2013). While her well bred classmates wrote about good homes, nice family and good life, Sandra chooses her topic mostly about women finding their strength in life rising as victors in their poor conditions. She mirrors the harshness of life and the reality of pain clearly through her poems, short stories and novels. She develops strong characters carrying stories that can enrich and encourage souls. Washington Post Book World connotes her as â€Å"a writer of power and eloquence and great lyrical beauty† (Gale, 1998). Sandra Cisneros did not have an easy life. She can’t relate with the traditional homes and families. She was brought up in the state of poverty. She was born in Chicago, but her family moved from place to place most of the time. This situation has great impact to her such that she becam e shy, conscious and has no lasting friends. She exposed this side of her in Publisher Weekly quoting â€Å"The moving back and forth, the new school were very upsetting to me as a child. They caused me to be very introverted and shy. I do not remember making friend easily.† (Gale, 1998). The constant movements made her feel unfit and lonely. She resolved into reading books and expressed her melancholy through writing. These experiences she had from her

No topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

No topic - Essay Example The third image describes international anarchy and world politics and highlights the results of the first and second images (Slantchev 1). Where many sovereign nations protect their own interests, pursue their grievances and ambitions with no law dictating their mode of association, the world war 11 was inevitable. The third image stipulates the lack of a central authority or arbitrators in international relations. Many countries go the extent of using power, force, or violence to achieve their ends. Hence, all nations arm themselves because no authority is responsible to avert war. Countries like USSR, and USA only sought to gain and defend their own (Slantchev 1). Hence, with nobody preventing them from using force, the World War II resulted. Indeed, the powerful nations regard the international system of governance as anarchist and thus have no respect for it. This lack of respect led to overstepping of mandates and disrespects of other nations like Japan and Austria hence the war. The third image equally analyzes the balance of power or transitions of power as a source of conflict. Some countries selfishly make balance of power the end of their national policies (Slantchev 1). This objective only results to unresolved conflicts that culminate to war. Additionally, the continued support of ascending nations by their allies as noted in the third image accelerates conflicts. Crave and transition of power has no compromise for peace and hence use of force until the realization of power. These factors as analyzed in the third image of the structural realism theory were the primary causes of the World War II. In conclusion, I find that the third image was fundamental in explaining the structural realism theory and the causes of conflict and World War II. Farugue, Saleha. â€Å"The Three Images: Causes of War in International Relations† Web 20, March 2012.

Requirements for Research Essay Example for Free

Requirements for Research Essay Abstract This study entitled â€Å"Orange (Citrus Sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative shoe Polish† aims to aims to determine if orange peeling oil extract be a good alternative for shoe polish specifically to answer the following questions (1) What specific properties of the shoe polish produced are present/ identified? (2) What are the physical properties of the orange peeling extract shoe polish as to texture, color, and odor? (3) Is there significant difference/s between the orange peeling extract and coconut oil shoe polish with that of the other commercially sold shoe polish in terms of: polish-ness, odor, and texture? The researcher then conducted a series of experiments to test the project. These processes are the extraction of oil from the orange peelings that would be then mixed with the coconut oil produced (cooked) from the coconut plant and the testing and comparing of the alternative shoe polish made with that of the commercially sold shoe polish. The test was conducted with the use of leather shoes as the test object. The results showed that the alternative shoe polish produced has almost the same qualities as to that of the commercially sold shoe polish in terms of its physical properties. The produced shoe polish made the shoes shine a little bit and produced a nice odor considering the natural scent of the orange oil which is added to the mixture. The researcher recommends  trying testing different ratios of each and seeing in what trial it produced the best shoe polish. Further reading about the project is also recommended to widen the scope of study and to produce an alternative shoe polish that would be of help in aiming for the alternative shoe polish with the nearest qualities with that of commercial shoe polish. Acknowledgement The researcher wish to extend her sincerest appreciation to the following people who helped make this research. They are the ones who helped and supported me in performing this research. First to our Project Adviser and Research Teacher, Ma’am Juliet Ilustre-Herreria for continuously guiding and helping me throughout the making of my investigatory project; asked some tricky questions and suggested some opinions that eventually helped a lot in making the project. Next, to my cousin, Sherwin Keith Saringan for helping me choose what project to make and giving some information that could be of great help. To my parents, Mr. and Mrs. Balcorta for me giving support and supplying the materials that would be needed for this project to be completed. To my classmates and friends for giving encouragement whenever I lose hope and most of all to the Lord, up above, for answering my prayers and continuously guiding me in doing this research. Without these people around me, my investigatory project entitled, Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peeling Extract as an Alternative Shoe Polish, won’t be finished.

Pike Ted Hughes Essay -- English Literature

Pike Ted Hughes Choose a poem you studied recently which challenges the reader to view something familiar in a new and thought provoking way. Pike Ted Hughes Stanzas one to four of the poem are there to describe the Pike, its nature, what it looks like and it’s destiny in nature as a predator. The poet, Ted Hughes, in writing this poem challenges the reader to view nature in a totally new perspective by exploring the power and violence in it by using one animal in river life, the Pike, since the Pike is the supreme species of fish in river life he uses it to full extend to show the power and violence of nature. Hughes starts the poem with â€Å"Pike, three inches long, perfect† using this as a start to describing the Pike, he begins to build up the Pike’s image as a predator, always being a predator with no change required through evolution therefore using â€Å"perfect† as another way of saying that the pike was designed perfectly as a predator and will never need to change as it will always remain supreme in its habitat. â€Å"Pike in all parts, green tigering the gold† the use of the word â€Å"tigering† giving a comparison of the Pike to the Tiger, completely different creatures but in their own worlds they are just as deadly as each other, the Tiger being supreme in the jungle just as the Pike is supreme in the river. â€Å"Killers from the egg† using this Hughes re-enforces his point of the Pike being born to killer, always meant to be a predator. â€Å"The malevolent aged grin† the poet strongly uses â€Å"malevolent† to catch the reader and fully describe the evil that the Pike is designed for, even since the moment of birth the Pike’s features have already been aged with the evil, menacing look, to show its potential fo... ...move, the still splashes on he dark pond†. Assuming that the poet was on a small boat â€Å"owls hushing the floating woods† he hears the owls in the woods that seems to float as he sits on this boat, â€Å"frail on my ear against the dream† just managing to hear the owls as the only noise - almost as if the owls â€Å"hushing† the rest of the woods to be silent, adding more fear to this trip – just keeping him aware of this world that seems so much like a dream. â€Å"Darkness beneath night’s darkness had freed† this meaning the darkness of the water beneath the night’s darkness and also the darkness of the Pike, as darkness is associated with evil, now moving â€Å"freed† under him, â€Å"that rose slowly towards me, watching.† The pike, the evil slowly rising towards him watching his every move, he makes it as if the pike seeing him as prey, slowly approaching him, ready to strike.

Discuss the scope of mixed branding Essay

Ans. Definition: Mixed Branding is where a firm markets products under its own name and that of the reseller(s) because the segment attracted to the reseller is different than its own market. Eg. The company sells its Elizabeth Arden brand through department stores and a line of skincare products at Wal-Mart with the â€Å"Skinsimple† brand name. Stratergies: When promoting a brand, companies sometimes choose to follow a multiproduct branding strategy, similar to automakers Ford and Toyota. In this regard, a company’s name is an umbrella brand for all its products. Coca-Cola, Apple and Intel have focused their energies on branding their corporate names and images rather than individual products. Grocery chains and big-box retailers use private-label branding to attract value-conscious customers. Advantages: Companies use branding to differentiate their products based on value, quality and other attributes. A positive brand image creates a halo effect that affects existing products and makes it easier to introduce new products. The â€Å"Intel Inside† campaign, for example, was designed to brand all Intel microprocessors as high-performance and high-quality products. Apple has followed a somewhat different route because it relies on its corporate name and unique product brands. A mixed-branding strategy can leverage a company’s reputation for innovation to carve out profitable market niches, such as Apple’s Mac computers for graphics-intensive operations, while developing entirely new markets, examples of which would be iPods and iPads. Kraft consumers know they are getting a quality food product, which makes it easier and more cost-effective for Kraft to introduce and gain consumer acceptance for new products. Disadvantages: The main disadvantage of branding is the high advertising and related public relations costs. Establishing a local or international brand requires years of sustained advertising, high levels of quality and exceptional customer service. A brand image and reputation cannot be established in a few weeks. Companies must continue their promotions even during economic downturns or when sales stagnate, because if they do not, competitors might fill the void and be in a better position when the economy turns around. These expenditures can reduce margins, especially if sales volumes are being affected by price competition or changing customer preferences. Also, there is the risk that poor customer service by wholesalers or retailers in the distribution channel might reflect poorly on the brand itself. Manufacturing issues that lead to product recalls, such as Toyota’s well-publicized problems with brakes from 2009 to 2011, can also affect a brand’s image, which usually requires additional expenditures to repair.

National Health Care Spending Essay

Introduction Health care in the United States is provided by many distinct organizations. Accordingly, the US Census Bureau (2010) reported that health care facilities are largely owned and operated by private sector businesses. While sixty-two percent of hospitals are non-profit, 20% are government owned, and 18% are for-profit. Furthermore, 60–65% of healthcare provision and spending comes from programs such as Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE, the Children’s Health Insurance Program, and the Veterans Health Administration. Most of the population under 67 is either insured by themselves or a family member’s employer, buy health insurance on their own, and the remainder are uninsured. Health insurance for public sector employees is primarily provided by the government. Still, the United States has a life expectancy of 78.4 years at birth, up from 75.2 years in 1990, and is ranked 50th among 221 nations, and 27th out of the 34 industrialized countries, down from 20th in 1990. Of 17 high-income countries studied by the National Institutes of Health in 2013, the United States had the highest or near-highest prevalence of infant mortality, heart and lung disease, sexually transmitted infections, adolescent pregnancies, injuries, homicides, and disability. Together, such issues place the U.S. at the bottom of the list for life expectancy. On average, a U.S. male can be expected to live almost four fewer years than those in the top-ranked country (NIH, 2013). Thesis Statement As dismal as the statistics are, in recent years, policy makers as well as leading economists have focused a considerable amount of attention on  aggregate spending increases in health care and how health care spending impacts the United States economy. Thereby, specific emphasis has been given to identifying and examining distinctive factors that have contributed to spending growth, and proposing solutions for reduction. Seemingly, factors that have contributed to spending growth encompass changes in health care utilization, population demographics, price inflation, and advances in medical technology. Thus, as more and more advanced scientific technology is developed the costs associated with providing quality health care increases. With that said, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the United States spent more on health care per capita ($8,608), and more on health care as percentage of its GDP (17.2%), than any other nation in 2011. Yet, the United States ranked last in the quality of health care among similar countries, and notes United States care costs the most. Similarly, in a 2013 Bloomberg ranking of nations with the most efficient health care systems, the United States ranks 46th among the 48 countries included in the study. The U.S. Census Bureau reported that 49.9 million residents, 16.3% of the population, were uninsured in 2010 (up from 49.0 million residents, 16.1% of the population, in 2009). In addition, a 2004 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report said: â€Å"The United States is among the few industrialized nations in the world that does not guarantee access to health care for its population.† Further, â€Å"with the exception of Mexico, Turkey, and the United States, all of the other countries had achieved universal or near-universal (at least 98.4% insured) coverage of their populations by 1990;† and recent evidence demonstrates that lack of health insurance causes some 45,000 to 48,000 unnecessary deaths every year in the United States. In 2007, 62.1% of filers for bankruptcies claimed high medical expenses, and 25% of all senior citizens declare bankruptcy due to medical expenses, and 43% are forced to mortgage or sell their primary residence. On March 23, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) became law, providing for major changes in health insurance. The medical system has been forced to change normal procedures to meet federal regulations. The law includes a large number of health-related provisions  to take effect over the next four years, including expanding Medicaid eligibility for people making up to 133% of FPL, subsidizing insurance premiums for peoples making up to 400% of FPL ($88,000 for family of 4) so their maximum â€Å"out-of-pocket† pay will be from 2% to 9.8% of income for annual premium, providing incentives for businesses to provide health care benefits, prohibiting denial of coverage and denial of claims based on pre-existing conditions, establishing health insurance exchanges, prohibiting insurers from establishing annual spending caps and support for medical research. The costs of these provisions are offset by a variety of taxes, fees, and cost-saving measures, such as new Medicare taxes for high-income brackets, taxes on indoor tanning, cuts to the Medicare Advantage program in favor of traditional Medicare, and fees on medical devices and pharmaceutical companies; there is also a tax penalty for citizens who do not obtain health insurance (unless they are exempt due to low income or other reasons). The Congressional Budget Office estimates that the net effect (including the reconciliation act) will be a reduction in the federal deficit by $143 billion over the first decade. Conclusion In conclusion, in contrast to the argument that rising health care spending at the Federal and State level decreases economic growth, and employee health care costs decreases job growth, a reasonable argument, could also be made that rising health care spending has important benefits, often outweighing the increased costs. I submit that improvements in quality may produce a cause and effect whereby, the cost of medical care is decreased. Subsequently, increased health care spending improves increases in access to new technologies, providing both new options of treatment and treatment for a greater number of individuals; which provides for healthier employees. Moreover, health care spending growth is more likely to create health care jobs, increases wages for health care workers, expands local tax revenues, and increases demand for related goods and services. We, as Americans, profess to be the richest, strongest, and greatest country, yet we stand by and watch homeless citizens sleeping on the streets, children going to bed at night hungry, and citizens dying because they lack health insurance. The Affordable Care Act is a good start, however we must keep legislators who oppose the bill from chipping away at it. Health care should be a human  right, not a privilege. For example, in May 2011, the state of Vermont became the first state to pass legislation establishing a Single-Payer health care system. The legislation, known as Act 48, establishes health care in the state as a â€Å"human right† and lays the responsibility on the state to provide a health care system which best meets the needs of the citizens of Vermont. The state is currently in the studying phase of how best to implement this system. Of the 26.2 million foreign immigrants living in the US in 1998, 62.9% were non-U.S. citizens. In 1997, 34.3% of non-U.S. citizens living in America did not have health insurance coverage as opposed to the 14.2% of native-born Americans who do not have health insurance coverage. Among those immigrants who became citizens, 18.5% were uninsured, as opposed to noncitizens, who are 43.6% uninsured. In each age and income group, immigrants are less likely to have health insurance. With the recent healthcare changes, many legal immigrants with various immigration statuses now are able to qualify for affordable health insurance. We need to push for more. The cost for individuals that use emergency rooms as port of entry to medical care far exceeds obtaining a primary care provider. References Institute of Medicine (2004). Retrieved from http://.www.institutesofmedicine, May 09, 2014. National Institute of Health (2013). Retrieved from http://.www.nationalinstituteofhealth, May 10, 2014. U. S. Census Bureau (2010). Retrieved from http://.www.uscensusbureau, May 10, 2014. World Health Organization (2014). Retrieved from http://.www.worldhealthorganization, May 10, 2014. www.healthcare.gov (2014). Retrieved from http://.www.healthcare.gov. May 10, 2014

Crapulence Doesnt Mean That

Crapulence Doesnt Mean That Crapulence Doesnt Mean That Crapulence Doesnt Mean That By Maeve Maddox A reader called my attention to a sentence in which these words appeared: a cesspool of its own crapulence I turned to my browser and found so many examples of wallowing in their/his/its own crapulence that I conclude that the expression has already become a clichà ©. Apparently a lot of people imagine that crapulence means excrement. Columnist Jonah Goldberg thinks so: Two decades of crapulence by the political class has been prologue to the era of coprophagy that is now upon us. It is crap sandwiches for as far as the eye can see. Actually, crapulence and its related forms crapulent and crapulous, come from a Latin word meaning intoxication. and have to do with drunkenness. crapulence: great intemperance especially in drinking Merriam-Webster crapulence: 1. Sickness or indisposition resulting from excess in drinking or eating; 2. Gross intemperance, esp. in drinking; debauchery. OED crapulous: sick from too much drinking, from L. crapula, from Gk. kraipale hangover, drunken headache, nausea from debauching. The Romans used it for drunkenness itself. English has used it in both senses. Online Etymology Dictionary The vulgarism crap, on the other hand, is used as a noun to mean excrement, and as a verb to mean defecate. Merriam-Webster gives the etymology of crap as: Middle English, from Middle Dutch crap, crappe pork chop, greaves [cracklings], grain in chaff, from crappen to tear or break off The use of crap with excremental associations has been in the language since the 19th century. The Online Etymology Dictionary indicates that crap belongs to a cluster of words generally applied to things cast off or discarded (e.g. weeds growing among corn (1425), residue from renderings (1490s) dregs of beer or ale The OEtyD entry concludes that the word probably comes from the Middle English word crappe, grain that was trodden underfoot in a barn. In case the meaning of coprophagy in the quotation above is not evident from the context, heres the definition from Merriam-Webster: coprophagy: the feeding on or eating of dung or excrement that is normal behavior among many insects, birds, and other animals but in man is a symptom of some forms of insanity Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Has vs. HadRules for Capitalization in Titles6 Foreign Expressions You Should Know

Book Review On Life Along The Silk Road History Essay

Book Review On Life Along The Silk Road History Essay The book that I had been given for review is† LIFE ALONG THE SILK ROAD†. The book offers a glimpse into the character and characters of the Eastern Silk road between AD 750 and 1000. The author of the book Susan Whitfield is the director of the British Library sponsored Dunhuang project, which makes a remarkable collection of Ancient Silk Road manuscripts including those acquired by legendary explorer Sir Auel Stein, available on the internet. Her knowledge of this treasure trove of primary material shows throughout the book. She has written extensively about china and therefore is in a good position to give an account of the all the details regarding the network of roads and paths crossing central Asia and concentrates on the 8th to 10th centuries A.D. The author has an extensive research on the Mongolian Empire and middle kingdom. She has travelled to central Asia several times and has written this novel as reflection of the stories of the Silk Road. She has dedicated the book to prof.Edward Schafer whom she credits for literary excavation of this historic trade route. This book Life along the Silk Road gives a rich account of the varied history of the Silk Road. It is a good read for people with special interest in history. The book recounts the stories, the lives of ten individuals who lived along the Silk Road in different era. The tale of ten different individuals a merchant, a soldier, a horseman, a monk, a nun among others, all form a different walk of life. The author has tried to reconstruct the history of the route through the personal experiences of these characters. The region covered in the book corresponds to modern day eastern Uzbekistan, western China, Mongolia, south to the Himalayas and including Tibet. Today that region is largely occupied by Turkic peoples, mainly the Uighur, as well as Chinese colonists and is more Islamic than not. In the time period covered by the book it was more Indo-European in character, mainly Buddhist, and a great deal more cosmopolitan, with many towns and cities home to Turks, Indians, Chinese, Tibetans, and Mongolians as well as followers of Manicheism, Zoroastrianism, Nestorian Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and shamanism. Many Silk Road towns, once some of the most populous cities in the world, now have largely been reclaimed by the desert sands due to a decline in population and a drop in the water table, a land now rich in archaeology but vulnerable to thieves looking for artifacts to sell on the black market. The major source of information for this book and indeed much of the scholarship done on this region and era comes from the over forty thousand documents uncovered in a Buddhist cave complex outside Dunhuang, now in Gansu province, China. Sealed up in the eleventh century, it was uncovered by accident in 1900. Though many of these precious scrolls, paintings, and sculptures have been lost since then for various reasons (and others tainted by the existence of forgeries ), more than enough remained; the importance of the Dunhuang documents cannot be overstated. A whole field of study, Dunhuangology, grew up around the study of the documents. Not only were there many Buddhist texts, but as paper was rare and often recycled (and once Buddhist scripture was written on paper it was considered nearly blasphemous to destroy at that point), many non-Buddhist writings were preserved, unique in providing glimpses into the lives of everyday people.

Understanding Journal Content and Style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Understanding Journal Content and Style - Essay Example Understanding Journal Content and Style Our daily activities and exposure to different tasks affect our tolerances to human fatigue and performance. Given this condition, the word subjective throughout the paper suggests the individual capabilities of people (who are the subjects of the study) to be exposed to the different reading media used. Each individual within the study were recognized to have their own representation and interpretation of human fatigue and performance. This aspect is basically affected by one's ability to put up with the factors being studied in the paper. This also means that the results gathered from participants of the study are directly affected by human fatigue and performance, which are the significant elements in the study. The use of subjective measures in a project may encourage criticisms such that the results obtained from these kinds of measure may depend on several factors directly affecting the variables in the study - in this study's case the individuals who have their differences in interpreting the subject being studied. In effect, the results of the study may vary and the possibility of obtaining inaccurate measurement or results is higher. Moreover, subjective measures are to obtain non-precise quantity that would apply to the issue being studied. In contrast to an objective means of getting the desired result, there is an exact measurement, thus the outcomes are accurate. The varied reading duration that was allowed for the participants in the study may as well be subjected to criticisms since their reading capabilities were not measured first. As simple as this issue may seem for the study as a whole, however, it could still create a relatively huge margin of error for the research result. In addition, even as the reading materials were of general interest, the subjects (participants) may have varying opinions as to what the term 'general' means to them. As a result, they may have different reactions and attitudes as well towards the articles provided for them. (3) On the first page (INTRODUCTION, column 2, line 14) the author writes: "Others have allowed critical variables to become confounded so that their results are difficult to interpret". What do you understand by the term confounded in this context Based from the statement that precedes this sentence, it could be inferred that the term confounded could mean complex. As the preceding sentence state that "Some investigators have not described their displays, stimulus materials, workplace, environment, and procedure in enough detail to permit meaningful comparisons with other research," it suggest that in order to vagueness and ambiguity prevent the readers from asking more questions as well as comparisons with other researches with the same perspective. Moreover, the next sentence also suggest that while ideas in a research becomes complex and composite to even comprehend, the more that its readers become more likely not to ask further questions regarding the process of obtaining the results of the study. The term confounded in this study also implies that the more complicated the variables in a research become, the more that the results become too difficult to be interpreted